issues

What happened?

In Docker environments only, throws the below error. This only occurs when trying to read .hdf files with a cumulative total of >32 layers. It always fails on the 33rd layer being read into memory regardless of the order of the files and the contents of the files themselves. Note we use a copy of a file for each iteration and it still fails

bash rasterio.errors.RasterioIOError: HDF4_EOS:EOS_GRID:/tmp/pytest-of-root/ pytest-5/test_can_open_hdf4_closer_to_e0/file3:MODIS_Grid_16DAY_1km_VI:1 km 16 days blue reflectance: No such file or directory

What did you expect to happen?

Up until quite recently, this exact method worked fine and we were able to return a list of xr.Dataset objects, confirmed through past CI/CD tests

Minimal Complete Verifiable Example

Clone a repo with a complete example, following the cmds from the README to spin up a docker container and run pytest here: https://github.com/jamie-sgro/xarray-recreate-bug

MVCE confirmation

• [X] Minimal example — the example is as focused as reasonably possible to demonstrate the underlying issue in xarray.
• [x] Complete example — the example is self-contained, including all data and the text of any traceback.
• [x] Verifiable example — the example copy & pastes into an IPython prompt or Binder notebook, returning the result.
• [x] New issue — a search of GitHub Issues suggests this is not a duplicate.

Relevant log output

```Python rasterio.errors.RasterioIOError: HDF4_EOS:EOS_GRID:/tmp/pytest-of-root/pytest-27/test_can_open_hdf4_closer_to_e0/file3:MODIS_Grid_16DAY_1km_VI:1 km 16 days blue reflectance: No such file or directory self = CachingFileManager(<function open at 0xffffa0f5fd30>, 'HDF4_EOS:EOS_GRID:/tmp/pytest-of-root/pytest-27/test_can_open_hdf4_closer_to_e0/file3:MODIS_Grid_16DAY_1km_VI:1 km 16 days blue reflectance', mode='r', kwargs={}) needs_lock = True

def _acquire_with_cache_info(self, needs_lock=True):
    """Acquire a file, returning the file and whether it was cached."""
    with self._optional_lock(needs_lock):
        try:

          file = self._cache[self._key]

/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/xarray/backends/file_manager.py:199:

self = <xarray.backends.lru_cache.LRUCache object at 0xffffad587e80> key = [<function open at 0xffffa0f5fd30>, ('HDF4_EOS:EOS_GRID:/tmp/pytest-of-root/pytest-27/test_can_open_hdf4_closer_to_e0/file3:MODIS_Grid_16DAY_1km_VI:1 km 16 days blue reflectance',), 'r', ()]

def __getitem__(self, key: K) -> V:
    # record recent use of the key by moving it to the front of the list
    with self._lock:

      value = self._cache[key]

E KeyError: [<function open at 0xffffa0f5fd30>, ('HDF4_EOS:EOS_GRID:/tmp/pytest-of-root/pytest-27/test_can_open_hdf4_closer_to_e0/file3:MODIS_Grid_16DAY_1km_VI:1 km 16 days blue reflectance',), 'r', ()]

/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/xarray/backends/lru_cache.py:53: KeyError

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

???

rasterio/_base.pyx:261:

???

rasterio/_shim.pyx:78:

??? E rasterio._err.CPLE_OpenFailedError: HDF4_EOS:EOS_GRID:/tmp/pytest-of-root/pytest-27/test_can_open_hdf4_closer_to_e0/file3:MODIS_Grid_16DAY_1km_VI:1 km 16 days blue reflectance: No such file or directory

rasterio/_err.pyx:216: CPLE_OpenFailedError

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

self = <test_utils.TestUtils object at 0xffff9db81310> tmp_path = PosixPath('/tmp/pytest-of-root/pytest-27/test_can_open_hdf4_closer_to_e0')

def test_can_open_hdf4_closer_to_error_replication(self, tmp_path: Path):
    """A Unique bug discovered June 22nd 2022.
    In Docker environments only, throws the below error. This only occurs
    when trying to append the output of open_hdf4 to another object, and so
    far only fails on the 3rd iteration, regardless of the order of the files
    and the contents of the files themselves. Note we use a copy of a file
    for each iteration and it still fails


    rasterio.errors.RasterioIOError: HDF4_EOS:EOS_GRID:/tmp/pytest-of-root/
    pytest-5/test_can_open_hdf4_closer_to_e0/file3:MODIS_Grid_16DAY_1km_VI:1
    km 16 days blue reflectance: No such file or directory

    """

    filepaths = [
        tmp_path / "file1",
        tmp_path / "file2",
        tmp_path / "file3",
        tmp_path / "file4",
    ]

    shutil.copyfile(FILEPATH, filepaths[0])
    shutil.copyfile(FILEPATH, filepaths[1])
    shutil.copyfile(FILEPATH, filepaths[2])
    shutil.copyfile(FILEPATH, filepaths[3])

    rtn = []
    for filepath in filepaths:
        with warnings.catch_warnings():
            warnings.simplefilter("ignore", category=NotGeoreferencedWarning)
            with rasterio.open(filepath) as src:
                layer_names = src.subdatasets
        layer = []
        for x in layer_names:

          a = xr.open_rasterio(x)

tests/scripts/utils/test_utils.py:72:

/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/xarray/backends/rasterio_.py:276: in open_rasterio riods = manager.acquire() /usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/xarray/backends/file_manager.py:181: in acquire file, _ = self._acquire_with_cache_info(needs_lock) /usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/xarray/backends/file_manager.py:205: in _acquire_with_cache_info file = self._opener(self._args, kwargs) /usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/rasterio/env.py:437: in wrapper return f(args, kwds) /usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/rasterio/init.py:220: in open s = DatasetReader(path, driver=driver, sharing=sharing, kwargs)

??? E rasterio.errors.RasterioIOError: HDF4_EOS:EOS_GRID:/tmp/pytest-of-root/pytest-27/test_can_open_hdf4_closer_to_e0/file3:MODIS_Grid_16DAY_1km_VI:1 km 16 days blue reflectance: No such file or directory

rasterio/_base.pyx:263: RasterioIOError ```

Anything else we need to know?

• This error did not occur in our CI/CD when I ran the exact same code a month ago. Without changing the source code, but possibly updating the environment via a docker rebuild is when I first discovered this error
• This error only occured in my docker environment with xarray 0.18.2 installed. Locally everything worked fine.

Environment