id,node_id,number,title,user,state,locked,assignee,milestone,comments,created_at,updated_at,closed_at,author_association,active_lock_reason,draft,pull_request,body,reactions,performed_via_github_app,state_reason,repo,type
690518703,MDU6SXNzdWU2OTA1MTg3MDM=,4399,"Dask gufunc kwarg ""output_sizes"" is not deep copied",23618263,closed,0,,,2,2020-09-01T23:41:47Z,2020-09-04T15:57:19Z,2020-09-04T15:57:19Z,CONTRIBUTOR,,,,"<!-- Please include a self-contained copy-pastable example that generates the issue if possible.

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- Minimal Complete Verifiable Examples: https://stackoverflow.com/help/mcve

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-->

**What happened**:

Defining the kwargs used in `xr.apply_ufunc` in a separate dictionary and using it multiple times in different call of the method, while using `dask=""paralellized""`, ends in an error since the dimension names in `ouput_sizes` (inside `dask_gufunc_kwargs`) are modified internally.

**What you expected to happen**:

Keep the same dictionary of kwargs unmodified

**Minimal Complete Verifiable Example**:

```python
import numpy as np

import xarray as xr


def dummy1(data, nfft):
    return data[..., (nfft // 2) + 1 :] * 2


def dummy2(data, nfft):
    return data[..., (nfft // 2) + 1 :] / 2


def xoperations(xarr, **kwargs):
    ufunc_kwargs = dict(
        kwargs=kwargs,
        input_core_dims=[[""time""]],
        output_core_dims=[[""freq""]],
        dask=""parallelized"",
        output_dtypes=[np.float],
        dask_gufunc_kwargs=dict(output_sizes={""freq"": int(kwargs[""nfft""] / 2) + 1}),
    )

    ans1 = xr.apply_ufunc(dummy1, xarr, **ufunc_kwargs)
    ans2 = xr.apply_ufunc(dummy2, xarr, **ufunc_kwargs)

    return ans1, ans2


test = xr.DataArray(
    4, coords=[(""time"", np.arange(1000)), (""lon"", np.arange(160, 300, 10))]
).chunk({""time"": -1, ""lon"": 10})

xoperations(test, nfft=1024)
```

This returns

```
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
ValueError                                Traceback (most recent call last)
<ipython-input-1-822bd3b2d4da> in <module>
     32 ).chunk({""time"": -1, ""lon"": 10})
     33 
---> 34 xoperations(test, nfft=1024)

<ipython-input-1-822bd3b2d4da> in xoperations(xarr, **kwargs)
     23 
     24     ans1 = xr.apply_ufunc(dummy1, xarr, **ufunc_kwargs)
---> 25     ans2 = xr.apply_ufunc(dummy2, xarr, **ufunc_kwargs)
     26 
     27     return ans1, ans2

~/GitLab/xarray_test/xarray/xarray/core/computation.py in apply_ufunc(func, input_core_dims, output_core_dims, exclude_dims, vectorize, join, dataset_join, dataset_fill_value, keep_attrs, kwargs, dask, output_dtypes, output_sizes, meta, dask_gufunc_kwargs, *args)
   1086             join=join,
   1087             exclude_dims=exclude_dims,
-> 1088             keep_attrs=keep_attrs,
   1089         )
   1090     # feed Variables directly through apply_variable_ufunc

~/GitLab/xarray_test/xarray/xarray/core/computation.py in apply_dataarray_vfunc(func, signature, join, exclude_dims, keep_attrs, *args)
    260 
    261     data_vars = [getattr(a, ""variable"", a) for a in args]
--> 262     result_var = func(*data_vars)
    263 
    264     if signature.num_outputs > 1:

~/GitLab/xarray_test/xarray/xarray/core/computation.py in apply_variable_ufunc(func, signature, exclude_dims, dask, output_dtypes, vectorize, keep_attrs, dask_gufunc_kwargs, *args)
    632                     if key not in signature.all_output_core_dims:
    633                         raise ValueError(
--> 634                             f""dimension '{key}' in 'output_sizes' must correspond to output_core_dims""
    635                         )
    636                     output_sizes_renamed[signature.dims_map[key]] = value

ValueError: dimension 'dim0' in 'output_sizes' must correspond to output_core_dims
```

It is easily verifiable by sneaking a `print` statement before and after calling the first `apply_ufunc`. Everything is the same but the dimension names in `output_sizes`

```python
{'kwargs': {'nfft': 1024}, 'input_core_dims': [['time']], 'output_core_dims': [['freq']], 'dask': 'parallelized', 'output_dtypes': [<class 'float'>], 'dask_gufunc_kwargs': {'output_sizes': {'freq': 513}}}
{'kwargs': {'nfft': 1024}, 'input_core_dims': [['time']], 'output_core_dims': [['freq']], 'dask': 'parallelized', 'output_dtypes': [<class 'float'>], 'dask_gufunc_kwargs': {'output_sizes': {'dim0': 513}}}

```

**Anything else we need to know?**:

I have a fork with a fix ready to be sent as a PR. I just imported the `copy` module and used `deepcopy` like this 

```python
dask_gufunc_kwargs = copy.deepcopy(dask_gufunc_kwargs)
```
around here

https://github.com/pydata/xarray/blob/2acd0fc6563c3ad57f16e6ee804d592969419938/xarray/core/computation.py#L1013-L1020

If it's good enough then I can send the PR.

**Environment**:

<details><summary>Output of <tt>xr.show_versions()</tt></summary>

<!-- Paste the output here xr.show_versions() here -->
INSTALLED VERSIONS
------------------
commit: 2acd0fc6563c3ad57f16e6ee804d592969419938
python: 3.7.8 | packaged by conda-forge | (default, Jul 31 2020, 02:25:08) 
[GCC 7.5.0]
python-bits: 64
OS: Linux
OS-release: 3.12.74-60.64.40-default
machine: x86_64
processor: x86_64
byteorder: little
LC_ALL: None
LANG: en_US.UTF-8
LOCALE: en_US.UTF-8
libhdf5: 1.10.5
libnetcdf: 4.7.4

xarray: 0.14.2.dev337+g2acd0fc6
pandas: 1.1.1
numpy: 1.19.1
scipy: 1.5.2
netCDF4: 1.5.3
pydap: installed
h5netcdf: 0.8.1
h5py: 2.10.0
Nio: 1.5.5
zarr: 2.4.0
cftime: 1.2.1
nc_time_axis: 1.2.0
PseudoNetCDF: installed
rasterio: 1.1.5
cfgrib: 0.9.8.4
iris: 2.4.0
bottleneck: 1.3.2
dask: 2.25.0
distributed: 2.25.0
matplotlib: 3.3.1
cartopy: 0.18.0
seaborn: 0.10.1
numbagg: installed
pint: 0.15
setuptools: 49.6.0.post20200814
pip: 20.2.2
conda: None
pytest: 6.0.1
IPython: 7.18.1
sphinx: None
</details>
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